This is a list of full words from wísenis x̄á’islak̓ala by Emmon Bach. All of these words appear in this language package. The words are listed as singular forms, if a word has an arrow in front of it you can click on it to see the plural form or read other relevant information about the word.

You can scroll though the list or click on a letter below to jump to the section of words starting with that letter.

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’a’e’i’n’ubcdλ
gḡʷhkk̓ʷl
ɫmnqq̓ʷs
ƛƛ̓wx̄ʷy
z

’a

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’á’ent: herring eggs

’agám: all, each, every

’agegeƛái: all on the surface

’áḡala: answer (a question)

Plural: ’i’áḡala

’áḡalay̓u: answer (an)

’am̓akáp̓st̓axʷ: racing (seem to be), seem to be racing, trying to be first

’au: or

’aup: father

Plural: ’í’aup

’awáiyud: settle (let), skim

Lincoln & Rath (1986) spelling: ’u’ísa

’áxʷa: skim grease or anything off surface of liquid

’e

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’ebúxʷ: mother

Plural: ’ibúxʷ

’emái: at all, not, little, small

Plural: ’imái

’enáx̄ʷ (+ endings): if, when

Plural: ’ináx̄ʷ

’éngʷa/’engʷá: who?

Plural: ’i’engʷá, ’i’engʷí

’eníqa: firewood

’enís: aunt

Plural: ’i’enís

’i

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’ik̓áiqela: glad, happy

Plural: ’iɫ’ek̓áiqela

’íksduqʷia: eagle

Plural: ’í’eksduqʷia

’íku: able to, can (may, be able to)

’isλám: now, present time, today

’iw̓áuw̓is: equal in size to something

Lincoln & Rath: ’iwauw̓ás

’ik/’ix: fine, good

Plural: ’íɫex

’íxp̓a: good-tasting

’n

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’nna (or ’enna): yes

’u

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’ubáls: end (of village)

’uísda: family, surroundings

’um̓ác̓eskasu: big thing, huge thing

’úm̓as: big, really, very

’úq̓ʷa: believe

Plural: ’ú’eq̓ʷa

’úx̄ʷa: also, too, either (with negative)

’úx̄ʷλa: mouth (of river or bay)

b

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babá’u: grandfather

báƛa: fathom (measurement)

baƛí: measurement made by spread arms

begʷánem: human, person

Plural: bíbegʷanem

bek̓ʷála: talk, discuss, speak

Bostonaqsem: American woman

c

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cíx̄sdud: put hot rocks into water or liquid

cíx̄ʷa: wild crabapple, sour

cúsa: dry (to)

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c̓ik̓ʷ: bird

c̓úxʷλema: grandchild

Plural: c̓úc̓exʷλema

c̓úxʷλemax’id: great-grandchild

Plural: c̓úc̓exʷλemax’id

d

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da: take

daid: give

dáp̓iu: take along

Plural: dámep̓iu

daud: take out

daum: sticks for hanging up oolichans to dry

dáxʷa: hang up

deláid: really, very

denás: cedar bark strips

du: and (connects nouns)

duént: name

dúqʷa: look at

dúqʷela: looking, seeing

Plural: dúdeqʷela

dútiɫa: relate, tell

Plural: dúdetiɫela

λ

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λáka: fish with a net

λáw̓es: tree or person standing up outside

λu: again, once more

Shortened form of λúela/λuelá

λú’el: nephew, niece

Plural: λiλú’el, λuλá’el

g

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ga: this (near me)

gáda: here (near me), this (near me)

gáden̓a (gádena): this (near me = gáda)

gáiqela: come from, originate

Plural: gigáiqela

gála: ancient, old time, early

gáx̄’iɫ: come in, enter

Plural: gáx̄emiɫ

gáx̄aɫa: come along

Plural: gámex̄aɫa

gáx̄atusina: come down channel,come downriver

gax̄ay̓axc̓in: come away

gáx̄gusdu: come up (gáx̄gusdiwa?)

gecáuqʷ: Beaver clan

Plural: gigecáuqʷ

gélw̓a: canoe

gélw̓agila: make a canoe

genc: own (near me)

gísa: put onto the ground

gu’áƛa: help

Plural: gígu’aƛa

gu’aƛáp̓: help each other

gúkʷela: live (inhabit), reside

Plural: gigúkʷela, gúgukʷela

gúkʷelut: co-resident, fellow villager

gusí: potatoes

guxʷ (-kʷ): house

Plural: gú’eɫexʷ

gúxʷdema: village

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gʷasáu: pig: (from Chinook Jargon)

gʷiá: wake someone up

Plural: gʷigʷiá

gʷítela: Tsimshian (Coast Tsimshian)

gʷítelaqsem: Tsimshian woman

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ḡaax̄ (-q): raven

ḡáḡap: grandparent

Plural: ḡa’eḡáp

ḡáḡap̓id: great-grandparent

Plural: ḡa’eḡáp̓id

ḡánuɫ: evening, night

ḡáq̓inix̄ʷ: Raven clan

Plural: ḡiḡáq̓inix̄ʷ

ḡas: come

ḡeném: female, wife, woman

Plural: ḡeḡeném

ḡelám̓isi: (they are/were) waiting on beach

This word appears in a story and is a modified form of ḡelála: to wait

ḡiágiwalids: added on (something added on)

ḡiála: long (time), long time ago, old times

ḡída: that (remote), this (remote)

ḡíden̓a (ḡídena): that (remote), this (remote = ḡída)

ḡúda: that (near you)

ḡúden̓a: that (near you = ḡúda)

ḡʷ

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ḡʷail: do, do thus, do like that

ḡʷáila: be of a certain kind, like that, do in a certain way

ḡʷáilas/ḡʷailás: doing, way of being, process (many meanings)

ḡʷaɫ: completed, finished

ḡʷaláusu: prepare, finish

ḡʷaɫelátela: put something up on a rack or structure

ḡʷális: finished on the beach

ḡʷális: ready, finished (on beach)

Also the x̄á’isla name for October

ḡʷa’el̓s: prepared, ready (outdoors)

ḡʷeyém (ḡʷey̓ém): whale, humongous

ḡʷiaƛás: time

ḡʷiḡʷisdalás: condition, result, way things are or turn out

h

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hálakap̓: race, outspeed one another

hec̓íxʷ (-kʷ): wolf

This is the x̄enáksiala (Kitlope/Kemano) word. The x̄á’isla word is ƛ̓ásiagʷemix.

helilás: Sunday (time of rest), week (old usage)

hélx̄’inix̄ʷ: orca, killerwhale, Killerwhale clan

Plural: hél’ex̄’inix̄ʷ

hemgilásu: (they) cooked

This word appears in a story and is a modified form of hemgilá: to cook.

hená: sing

Plural: hi’ená

hiláqʷa: say something, speak

híl̓uatus: wash down river

hím̓as: chief

Plural: him̓ás, hi’emás

his (-s): about, by, of

This word (sometimes spelled /hes/), is used to connect one word to another, usually reduced to an /-s/. Ex: baxʷbaxʷás ’ezíq̓ (ghost umbrella mushroom). This can be broken down as: baxʷbaxʷá (umbrella) + his (of) + ’ezíq̓ (ghost). It can be thought of more literally as “umbrella of a ghost”.

humá: ask (a question)

Plural: hu’emá

húmec̓ua: person that’s always asking questions

Plural: hihúmec̓ua

k

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kakat̓á: hunt, try to shoot (with a gun)

kakut̓á: guess, try to find out

Plural: ká’ekut̓a

kála: carry (in a bowl)

káxλaludac̓i: pot

Plural: kákexλaludac̓i

kúta: guess, think

Plural: kikúta

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kʷen̓ax̄ (-q): mink

kʷíxq̓a: angry

Plural: kʷíkʷexq̓a

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k̓ácan̓u: charcoal stick, pencil

k̓ánqas: crow

k̓áuziɫ: bentwood box

Plural: k̓ik̓áuziɫ

k̓éci: don’t (command form)

Based on the root word /k̓es-/. Ex: k̓éci yálekʷa: don’t get hurt.

k̓uu: no, not, do not

k̓ʷ

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k̓ʷá’iɫ: sit down inside

Plural: k̓ʷik̓ʷá’iɫ

k̓ʷáxdema: chair

k̓ʷec̓: hide (of animal), leather, skin (of animal)

k̓ʷísa: snow (coming down)

l

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la, l: at, in, to

The word /la/ sometimes gets reduced to an /l/. Ex: qáɫelaƛen la qi ƛ̓i’elásax̄i: I’m going to walk to the store (away) can also be said as: qáɫelaƛen l qi ƛ̓i’elásax̄i. In this case, the /l/ gets pronounced as “ull” like in the English word “full”. Use of this pronunciation seems to come down to speaker preference, though older speakers tend to use the single /l/ more often.

láaɫa: accompany, go along with

Plural: lámaɫa

láasdud: put into water or liquid

la’áiɫ (-ƛ): go inside

Plural: lame’áiɫ (-ƛ)

lá’ekc̓i: go away, leave

Plural: lámiy̓akc̓i. Linguistic spelling is lá’exc̓i but is most often pronounced lá’ekc̓i since /k/ and /x/ are allophones and can be interchangeable in certain situations.

la’úɫdua: get out or off (boat, bus, car)

Plural: lámuɫdua

lác̓ua: put into a closed space or container

Plural: lilác̓ua, lámec̓ua. Lincoln & Rath definition of lác̓ua: to go inside (channnel, container).

lagís: put on the ground

láin̓axʷ (-kʷ): go home

Plural: lámin̓axʷ (-kʷ)

lánƛa: me (to me)

lánƛanis: us (to us) (incl)

lánƛanuxʷ: us (to us) (excl)

láqia: catch, get, obtain

láqiamas: catch, get, obtain

lásdu: come up (time for something)

látem: where (something is or happens)

láuƛa: you (to you)

láw̓is: go across (the bay), go to town (across)

Plural: lámaw̓is

lax: him/her/it (to him/her/it near me)

Plural: liláx

lax̄gi: him/her/it (to him/her/it gone)

Plural: liláx̄gi

lax̄i: him/her/it (to him/her/it remote)

Plural: liláx̄i

lax̄u: him/her/it (to him/her/it near you)

Plural: liláx̄u

leḡʷabúd: make fire underneath something

leqʷá: fire, campfire

leqʷelá: camp, fire, logging camp

lexʷsúd: different, do something different for a change

log-sila’ina: handlog

This word appears in a story and is a modified form of log-sila: to handlog. Obviously, this is a combination of English and x̄á’islak̓ala. The lingusitic spelling is láukʷsila.

ɫ

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ɫánsλac: tomorrow

ɫáq̓esg: seaweed (edible)

ɫáw̓elem: husband

Plural: ɫiláw̓elem

ɫek̓ʷáni: older woman, female elder

Plural: ɫílek̓ʷani

m

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ma’eláuxʷ (-kʷ): two

mamá’u: grandmother

mámia: fish for salmon

miá: fish, salmon

miáinix̄ʷ: Salmon clan

Plural: mímiainix̄ʷ, mimiáinix̄ʷ

múziɫ: chief lady, matriarch, woman of high rank

Plural: músmeziɫ

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m̓ai: what (did you say)

m̓áisgas: what did you say? Pardon?

m̓áyaɫa: friend

m̓áy̓inix̄ʷ: what clan

m̓enáisut: brother (man’s), sister (woman’s)

Plural: m̓im̓enáisut, m̓ím̓enisut. Note: the Lincoln & Rath spelling is m̓enáis’ut, m̓im̓enáis’ut, m̓ím̓enis’ut.

m̓enc̓eqs: one

m̓enex̄sids: one

m̓úƛela: boiling

m̓úƛeludcu: boiled

m̓uƛilúd: boil something

n

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nis: mine, my

nísanis: our(s) (inclusive)

nísanuxʷ: our(s) (exclusive)

nuáqela: elder (man), male elder, older man

Plural: ninuáqela

nuáqi: idea, mind, thoughts

núgʷa: I, me, be me

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n̓aká, n̓an̓eká: look for

n̓aká, n̓an̓eká: search for

n̓auxʷ (-kʷ): one (person)

n̓áwiɫem, n̓áxn̓awiɫem: live alone

n̓exʷála, n̓in̓exʷála: close

n̓exʷála, n̓in̓exʷála: near

n̓exʷaláls, n̓in̓exʷaláls: close (outside)

n̓exʷaláls, n̓in̓exʷaláls: near (outside)

n̓iá: string something up

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p̓áksan̓u: gear

p̓áksan̓u: implement

p̓áksan̓u: tool

p̓ála: work

p̓aláḡuala: work together

p̓íp̓ala: work (pl)

q

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qáɫela: walk

qaqawat̓áa: listen attentively

qaus, qíqus: your(s)

qáutela, qíqautela: hear

qáutela, qíqautela: understand (language)

qen: for

qen: to (do something) (and other uses)

qi: that, the

qiki: that (was here, gone now)

qix (qik): this (near me)

qu: that (near you)

qulún: beaver

qut̓áusu: filled

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q̓ágec̓uals: day

q̓ágec̓uals: daytime

q̓aká, q̓aq̓ekáa: find (what you are looking for)

q̓ála: know

q̓apá: correct

q̓apá: hit the mark

q̓apá: right

q̓aq̓apá: correct (pl)

q̓aq̓apá: hit the mark (pl)

q̓aq̓apá: right (pl)

q̓át̓idix̄ʷ: Hartley Bay

q̓epénc̓ua: dump or pour into container or enclosed space

q̓ínemis: lots, a lot

q̓ínemis: much

q̓ínemq̓amis: lot, a real lot

q̓ínemq̓amis: very much

q̓iq̓ála: know (pl)

q̓iúɫ (-ƛ): get or catch a lot

q̓ʷ

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q̓ʷáx̄asa’in: grow (plants)

q̓ʷelá, q̓ʷíqw̓ela: live

q̓ʷelá, q̓ʷíq̓ʷela: alive

q̓ʷémksiwak̓ala: English, talk English

q̓ʷémksiwak̓ala: white person’s language

q̓ʷémksiwaqsem: white woman

s

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sáik̓ʷa: gather

sáik̓ʷa: go after

sáik̓ʷa: hunt

sákela: use (used with his / -s [by, of, about])

saksiwá: come to be aware of something

sásem: children

sásem: offspring (pl)

sásemnuxʷ (-kʷ): have children

sasemzád: have children

sáw̓ati: use (used with his / -s [by, of, about])

sax̄g, sáy̓ex̄g: want

sax̄g, sáy̓ex̄g: want to do something (qen)

sáx̄gesu: wanted, be wanted

semgác̓i: container or bin for rendering oolichans

semgác̓i: oolichan rendering box

sémka: extract oil

sémka: render oolichans

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t̓epá: fish with a line and hook

t̓epá: troll

t̓epánuma: go fishing with a line and hook

t̓epánuma: go trolling

t̓et̓eqilá, t̓i’et̓eqilá: give advice

t̓et̓eqilá, t̓i’et̓eqilá: teach

t̓exáw̓ia: bridge

t̓ex̄í: uh (hesitation form)

t̓ípud: press out oil

t̓ípuyac̓i: basket for pressing oolichans

t̓ísem: rock

t̓ísem: stone

t̓ít̓epa: fish with a line and hook (pl)

t̓ít̓epá: troll (pl)

t̓íxʷa: black bear

ƛ

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ƛáka: paddle (verb)

ƛiƛáka: paddle (pl)

ƛiƛáka: travel by water (pl)

ƛ̓

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ƛ̓ásiagʷemix: wolf (x̄á’isla dialect)

ƛ̓áti: grease, oolichan oil

ƛ̓elísda: forget

ƛ̓ex’áƛela: first part (quarter) of month

ƛ̓i’elás: store

ƛ̓iá (pl. ƛ̓iƛ̓iá): to buy

ƛ̓iásu: sold, be sold

ƛ̓úbexʷ (-kʷ): root (of tree)

w

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wa: okay, well

waa: river

wáɫdem: things said

wáɫdem: what…said

wáɫdem: words

waɫp̓ás: flavour

wiágiwa: spring season

wiagiwam̓iás: Oolichan Camp

wiagiwam̓iás: Spring Village

wísem (pl. wí’esem): man, male

wísenis: let’s…

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w̓ac̓: dog

w̓áila: what is it?

w̓áila: what is the matter with…?

w̓anúd: exchange

w̓anúd, w̓aw̓anúd: trade

w̓aq̓ʷá, w̓íw̓aq̓ʷa: brother (woman’s)

w̓aq̓ʷá, w̓íw̓aq̓ʷa: sister (man’s)

w̓asali: amount

w̓asali: extent

w̓ásali: size

w̓ásḡemiɫ: end, The End (traditional end of story)

w̓auxʷ (-kʷ): other

w̓auxʷ (-kʷ): some

w̓aw̓ex̄ʷk̓ʷawá: parents

w̓aw̓ex̄ʷk̓ʷawá: relatives

w̓ax̄: all (that)

w̓ax̄: that which

w̓icekʷiƛ: don’t know how (much)

w̓igáiqela: where…come from?

w̓ílaa: where

w̓iláqʷ-: when

w̓íw̓iaɫa: parents

w̓ix’íd: go where?

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xʷíqa, xʷíxʷeqa: pull roots from ground

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x̄ábexʷ (-kʷ), x̄e’ábexʷ, x̄i’x̄ábexʷ: youth

x̄ábexʷ (-kʷ), x̄e’ábexʷ, x̄íx̄abexʷ: young person

x̄á’is: down channel

x̄á’is: down river

x̄á’is: south

x̄á’islak̓ala: Haisla language, talk Haisla

x̄enáksiala: Kemano/Kitlope people and place

x̄esduáxʷ (-kʷ): Kitlope Valley

x̄esilá: make a canoe

x̄esiláinix̄ʷ: canoe-builder

x̄ʷ

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x̄ʷeɫáp, x̄ʷix̄ʷeɫáp: uncle (mother’s brother)

x̄ʷenúxʷ (-kʷ): child, offspring

y

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ya’uc̓: Hi

yálekʷa: come to harm

yálekʷa: have an accident

yálekʷa: hurt (be hurt)

yeqsú, yiyeqsú: you, be you

yeksúkʷela: go fast

yeksúkʷela: speed

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y̓ák̓iqela (pl. y̓á’ik̓iqela): sad, unhappy

y̓éxʷp̓a: taste bad

y̓úgʷa: rain

z

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záxʷen: oolichan

zázaw̓a: harvest oolichan

zázaw̓a’ini: oolichan harvest, the harvesting of oolichans

zíqa (pl. zízeqa): silent, be silent, stop talking